ARMAGEDDON

 


harriet_tubman twenty dollar bill
It’s a national disgrace that the ”fine-looking” Christian activist, ”Minty” Ross Harriet Tubman will not appear on the $20 bill until 2026 at the earliest. Some say it could be as late as 2030. The cynical say it will never happen.   

Harriet_Tubman_Reward_Notice_1849
It’s certain that Minty was beautiful, because ”fine-looking” is how her owners described her on a Wanted Poster after she escaped at age twenty-seven.

Unfortunately, no pictures of Minty as a young woman have been found. She lived on to become a prominent administrator of the Underground Railroad; a friend of abolitionists Frederick Douglass and John Brown; a Civil War soldier and spy for the Union Army; and much, much more.

The Mint people say it takes a long time to retool the currency. In the case of Minty Ross, it will take at least ten years; maybe fifteen. I’m not sure I believe them.

With Ms. Tubman, it seems like one injustice followed another; she suffered abuse like no other heroine I’ve read about. A slave-owner crushed her skull with a hunk of iron he threw at another slave she was trying to protect. While traveling on a train, passengers broke her arms when she refused to move to another car. All her suffering came from haters, pure and simple. She will never get the credit she deserves.


Panarin regional division of America.bmp
Russian Professor, Igor Panarin, says the USA will look like this map, someday.  Some folks think it already does.

Does anyone really think the USA will be around ten or fifteen years from now? It is likely to be divided into four countries, presumably under the control of the Russians or an international coalition of foreign powers, if leaked Russian intelligence assessments can be believed.

Sorry, but that’s what seems to be coming, according to Russian analysts. The world has had its fill; the earth’s power brokers are planning to take us down; they seem to be gathering the family of nations to make a grand, international intervention on our behalf — for our own good and for the well-being of the planet and its impoverished peoples.


russian drone submarine 2
Russia is deploying Nuclear Drone Submarines (NUDS) to overwhelm our defenses.

The Russian military is filling the oceans with drone subs armed with nuclear material; possibly missiles. Some sit in the sand at the bottom of the oceans on both coasts of the USA.

Hundreds of thousands of Russians live on the island of Cuba. They have submarine and air bases on the island.

The Chinese are building artificial islands in the Pacific and constructing military bases. During the past twenty years the Chinese have built the most modern Navy the world has ever seen.

The Koreans and several other hostile countries are building first strike nuclear capabilities. It’s not that they dislike the United States. It’s a matter of trust. They think our leaders are crazy, selfish, arrogant, and too powerful. It’s not good for other countries when one becomes disproportionately powerful.

It’s not enough for the USA to stop doing bad things. It must do good things. We don’t seem able to save ourselves, because the USA has a legacy of a country that has hated too many people; it has hurt and killed too many people.  

The USA has burned alive millions of people with diabolical weapons like napalm, Hellfire missiles, and atomic bombs. Most of the world outside the United States believes we dropped anthrax bombs on Chinese troops in North Korea in 1954. We placed a ”hospital” ship off the peninsula from which we spread a virulent strain of typhus that killed hundreds of thousands of North Koreans. We drew up plans to drop atomic munitions until a cessation of hostilities took hold and calmer heads prevailed.

The USA has inflicted too much injustice; ignored the cries of too many disadvantaged people; humiliated the weak and impoverished; and, since the end of WWII, has waged war against a quarter of all the countries on the earth.

We have crossed moral boundaries into the dark space of torture and drone-kills. A country that tortures and assassinates thousands of people by remote control is not worth defending or protecting, some say.


Chinese stealth destroyer
Modern Chinese Stealth Destroyer

The billionaires are having their parties; for them the world has never been better. In fact, many Americans, rich and poor, are ingesting daily cocktails of drugs, legal and illegal, to keep going; they are oblivious, uninformed, and asleep.

In our drug-induced stupor we are about to elect a mega-billionaire and his cronies to administer what is arguably the most militarized and corrupt nation on Earth. Like everything else we’ve done lately, it won’t go over well. The nations of the world are already preparing for this catastrophe; the outcome isn’t going to be good for any of us; no way.

The refusal of our military officers, our intelligence administrators, foreign service officials, and especially our elected political leaders to follow with enthusiasm the vision of our current president has not been lost on other nations.


Joe Wilson shouts you lie at Obama during state of the union address
South Carolina Republican Congressman, Joe Wilson, twice yelled You Lie! at President Obama during his speech before a joint session of Congress in 2009. Disrespect for the president is universal, open, and virulent among GOP congressmen, who make up the majority of our elected officials. The GOP’s unreasonable hatred for well-intentioned people is the main reason the community of nations fears the changes that will come with the election of a Republican president in 2016.

Our president’s capitulation to the world view of our bureaucratic cartels; his inability to get the simplest things done (like closing the Guantanamo torture chambers and returning the military base in Cuba to its rightful owner); his surrender to Wall Street thugs with Ivy League educations; his quiet suffering of disrespect by media and petty demagogues has convinced the powerful people abroad who both do and don’t like us that the United States won’t change; indeed, it cannot change.

Meanwhile, our citizens are tired of war. They don’t acknowledge basic facts; the Chinese Navy is the best in the world. Russian drone technology is the world’s best in the air, beneath the seas, and on land. And so on and on.

Yes, our government is spending two trillion dollars to upgrade our nuclear first-strike capabilities. We are spending our national treasure on a doomsday matrix designed to destroy planet Earth, should we get backed into a corner and face certain defeat.

We are so blind. The irony is that we are always looking deep into the heavens searching for advanced civilizations. We believe millions of hi-tech worlds are “out there”. Yet, we have found not a single one. Maybe the story of civilization is familiar; maybe it plays out across the universe on every inhabited planet in the same tragic way.

In every corner of our Milky Way galaxy, and in the trillion or more other galaxies that populate our unimaginably huge universe, intelligent life-forms fight to survive and prevail. They unlock the secrets of nature.

Somehow the technology gets control of them. The unnatural plutonium they create and store, even when it is not strewn in a fit of suicidal anger, leaches into their soils and poisons their planets, irreversibly.


Syrian chemical munitions weapons stockpile
Workers inspect chemical weapons barrels for leaks at a warehouse in Gorny, Syria. Stockpiles like this one exist in countries all over the world.

A slow death by poisoning might well be the future of every planet that has buried beneath its surface tens-of-thousands of thermo-nuclear bombs as well as biological and chemical weapons in every shade of depravity that super-intelligent life-forms can dream-up and build.

These weapons cannot be maintained forever. How many thousands of years can we go on pouring our treasure into poisons, until we have no more treasure, and the bombs begin to rot; the toxins soak into soil like turpentine into a sponge; the viruses and bacteria escape to breed and blow in the wind like dust and fall to the ground like drops of rain?

Armageddon is on its way. It may come fast; it may go slow. What every informed person knows is that Harriet Tubman’s face will never grace our currency. Time is too short, and making things right is not our nation’s highest priority. Not even close.

I believe, like my dad before me, that right makes might. Civilizations who dare to reverse the order — who  use might to force others to believe that their abusers are right — play a fool’s game.


Harriet Tubman posed for this pic after the Civil War. She was 47.  

One important thing we can do as a country right now is to place Harriet Tubman’s portrait (and other freedom fighters like her) on our  money, sooner rather than later. The plan, incredibly, is to put a slave-owner’s picture (Andrew Jackson, of all people) on the reverse side of the twenty-dollar bill opposite Ms. Tubman — to kind of balance out the message, I suppose.

No. That’s wrong. No way. Andrew Jackson owned the Hermitage Plantation of Tennessee and another plantation in Mississippi where, during his tenure, 150 slaves produced the cotton that made him wealthy. 

As a General in the US army, Jackson fought genocidal wars against the Shawnee and Creek Indians of Georgia and Alabama; he warred against the Seminole Tribes of Florida. He had a reputation for ruthlessness. Native Americans referred to him as ”Sharp Knife.”


Death of Custer by actors Pawnee_bill_wild_west_show_c1905
This 1905 photo of actors in Pawnee Bill’s Wild West Show portrays the killing of Custer by Sitting Bull. The Battle of Little Bighorn was unusual, because the native Americans actually won the battle. Some would argue that America’s war against its indigenous and kidnapped peoples has never really ended; apologies, forgiveness, and reparations are long overdue.

No slave holder, no human being who forced other human beings to work long hours for no pay under the threat of lash and beating; under the threat of death and loss of family should ever again have their likeness placed on any financial instrument, coin, or bill of the United States of America. What kind of people are we, anyway?

We are a people who stand for freedom and equality before the law, our schools teach us. Let’s behave like we believe it’s true. Crimes against people affect the generations of children who come after. Genocides against African slaves and native Americans can traumatize for centuries; ask any descendant of a victim of Hitler’s holocaust, if there is anyone who doesn’t believe it. The USA has not even begun to make things right, some argue.

Actions speak louder than words. The world watches, much of it in disgust and horror as we venerate the wicked and suppress our saints, like Araminta Ross Tubman. Time is running out. We have to make that change, as Michael Jackson once sung; sooner rather than later.

Loving others is a way to save our beloved America. Love will rescue us. Love is important; it’s powerful. It can sustain our civilization; it can preserve our freedoms; it can extinguish Armageddon.

Billy Lee

ELEPHANT ON THE ISLAND

When President Barack Obama visited Cuba in March 2016, the USA-imposed blockade or embargo or quarantine or whatever-else one wants to call it was the elephant on the island. It was the elephant in the room at every meeting between our officials (who numbered close to twelve-hundred) and theirs. We owe Cuba a huge apology. Of course, we didn’t offer one. 


This billboard can be found in various places on the island of Cuba. In English it might be interpreted this way: The USA-organized embargo is the longest-lived genocide in world history. They intended to lynch us, but look; the noose is empty; Cuba swims free, beyond the yank of their rope.


Yes, Cubans once-upon-a-time tried to protect themselves from our overwhelming military power; our subversion; our unrelenting sabotage; our many plots to undermine and demoralize the Cuban revolutionary movement, which had overturned the Batista cartel and drove its Mafia friends off the island way back in 1959, a long time ago. We didn’t like it when the Cubans turned to the Soviet Union for help to defend themselves.

Let’s face some facts: It was 6 million of them against 220 million of us. It wasn’t going to be a fair fight. The Cubans were going to lose, and they knew it. 


El Encanto in 1955 Cuba
Terrorists fire-bombed El Encanto (a Havana department store) in 1961, just four days before the CIA-organized (and financed) Bay of Pigs invasion. This pic is from 1955.

Fifteen months after the revolution, in March 1960, someone blew-up a French ship in the Havana Harbor, which killed and wounded hundreds of civilians. Cuban police arrested a suspect who, it turned out, was an American with ties to organized-crime and CIA operatives; his team managed to infiltrate harbor-security, police said. 

Strange people started flying airplanes over the island on a daily basis to bomb sugar refineries and drop napalm on sugar cane fields. The Cubans managed to shoot down one aircraft and rescue the pilot. He turned out to be an American. Authorities blamed the CIA.

Then, just a few days before the Bay of Pigs invasion, terrorists bombed and burnt to the ground El Encanto, one of Havana’s upscale department stores.    


El Encanto department store after fire Cuba
The destruction of El Encanto was part of an extensive campaign to destabilize the island of Cuba. A few days after the terrorist attack, the Bay of Pigs invasion began. The USA public would learn years later that the invasion force had been organized, trained, and paid for by the CIA. The invaders killed and wounded 5,000 Cuban citizens before they exhausted their ammunition and surrendered to Fidel Castro, who led the island’s defenders.

Cubans had no clear idea, even as late as April 1961, that the USA was systematically destabilizing the island and had already finalized plans to invade Cuba and assassinate its leaders. 

A few days after the El Encanto firebombing, the invasion-force launched its assault — on Monday, April 17. It included close air-support, a squadron of B-26 bombers, and ships standing off-shore. The assault would come to be called the Bay of Pigs fiasco, mostly because the invaders ran out of ammunition and were forced to surrender.

Fidel himself led the island’s defense; Soviet intelligence informed him a few days in advance of the exact time and place; by some miracle related to our own incompetence, Fidel and his Cuban fighters repulsed the invasion. 

Castro’s Cubans managed to capture 1,200 invaders, mostly CIA-trained expatriates, who they later traded for medicine. Afterwards, they begged the Soviet Union to get more involved, because they believed the USA would attack again. Maybe the next time the USA would send more ammo and a bigger air-force, and Cuban defenses wouldn’t hold up.

Our government wasn’t too happy about the deal Cuba made with the USSR. The Soviets took advantage of Cuba’s weakness, Che Guevara would later claim. Che told Fidel and the Soviets that the deal was one-sided and not good for Cuba.

The alliance between Cuba and the Russians almost started a nuclear war, because the Soviets insisted on putting nuclear missiles on the island and basing nuclear-tipped submarines in Cuba’s harbors.

The Russians believed that the island could not be successfully defended against a full-on USA invasion using conventional weapons alone. Had a nuclear-missile exchange occurred, neither Florida nor Cuba would be habitable places even today, fifty-four years later. Millions of Cubans and Americans would have died.

Fortunately, deals were made and tensions de-escalated. The Soviets loaded up their weapons and took them home.

For the United States the fight was just beginning. Although the USA promised the Soviet Union that it would not militarily invade Cuba again (rendering nuclear defense unnecessary), it did not promise anything about an embargo. The United States talked and threatened every country in the Western Hemisphere into imposing one. The only country that refused was Mexico.


Cuba frozen in time
The USA-led embargo has turned Cuba into a land frozen in time; a time-capsule from the 1950s, which has transformed the island into one of the world’s most sought after tourist destinations. Travel restrictions by the USA make visits by Americans difficult, but not impossible. 

The embargo has never ended. It has lasted fifty-four years and turned Cuba into a time-capsule from the 1950s, which in one of the great ironies of world history has propelled Cuba into an elite group of the most-in-demand tourist attractions of modern times.

The Cubans have complained vociferously about the embargo at the United Nations, but they have never fought back in kind; even after we poisoned their sugar; even after we sunk the ships of their trading partners; even after the Bay of Pigs invasion, when we killed and wounded five-thousand Cuban citizens; all they asked was to be left alone.

Che Guevara resigned his Cuban citizenship in October 1965 and left the island never to return. He hoped to inspire revolutions closer to Argentina, his native country, but he also may have believed that his departure would help to take USA pressure off the Cuban people. It didn’t work.

A fifteen-hundred man force trained by the CIA in Guatemala hunted down the beloved hero of the Cuban revolution, shot him in the legs a few times just to hurt him, then they executed him. They cut off his hands and sent them to Fidel Castro. A CIA agent who witnessed the murder has been quoted as saying that Che never cried out in pain before he died. He died as brave as he lived, without fear, the agent said. 

Cuba refused to even consider assassinating our leaders, even as we worked overtime in every depraved way we could think of to assassinate theirs; the assassination plots against Fidel Castro are in the public record and make a wicked read, if anyone wants to look them up. 

People who visit Cuba will tell anyone who will listen that the Cubans are a friendly, peace-loving people who were brutalized by a ruthless cartel in alliance with powerful crime syndicates; crime syndicates which would years later come to be called the Mafia.

Everyone on the island (90%, anyway) joined in the effort to get rid of the thugs who were abusing the population on a daily basis. People who fought the Batista family and his cartel and were unlucky enough to be captured were routinely tortured, some to their deaths.


Soroa waterfall, Pinar del Rio, Cuba 2
The island of Cuba is a kind of unspoiled paradise. May God bless and protect Cuba as the haters try to keep our fight with them going and going and going.

What kind of country keeps an embargo going for 54 years against another country that is no longer a threat?

The only threat Cuba poses to our billionaires is the example it has set; the lessons it has taught the world that it really is possible to create wealth cooperatively and share it; it really is possible to survive an assault by the most militarized and corrupt nation on planet Earth; it really is possible to choose a different path — a path that doesn’t involve capitulation to cartels and billionaires.

Is Cuba perfect? No; not even close. Of course they aren’t perfect. No nation, no individual, no organization that is shunned and impoverished for fifty-four years by a country as powerful and connected as the United States has any chance at all. How would anyone of us in the USA turn out if the full power the United States turned against us?

I will tell you. If you are lucky enough to survive, as Cuba has, you could turn old and sad. Maybe bitter. We have hurt the Cubans far more than they ever hurt us.

It’s time for this fight to be over. It’s time to make amends. Dispatching on Good Friday four men in their seventies to belch out songs about sex with girls before a modestly attended concert crowd isn’t a good way to start.

It’s time for us to say we are sorry, and mean it. It’s time to be friends. It’s clear to visitors that the Cuban people have in their hearts the desire to forgive us.

I believe that many Cubans want to forge their own path without their vision being twisted by the fear of subversion by U.S. spies and agents. They want to have fun and to be our friends; someday — hopefully sooner rather than later — they will.

Billy Lee

PRIMARY ELECTION SO FAR

March 23, 2016

The Election Primary results so far: In the four caucus states where both parties have caucused, Bernie Sanders and Ted Cruz have won them all. Those caucus states are Kansas, Maine, Idaho, and Utah.

Results in voting primaries where both parties have voted, the popular vote is:

Hillary Clinton….8,728,430
Donald Trump…..7,496,166
Bernie Sanders…6,033,140
Ted Cruz………..5,147,202
John Kasich……..2,699,438

Marco Rubio dropped out. He gathered 3,168,147 votes but did not win or come in second in any primaries.

The result of popular voting in the twenty states where both parties have voted is as follows:

Hillary Clinton……9 wins; 6 seconds
Donald Trump…….5 wins;  9 seconds
Bernie Sanders…..4 wins;  3 seconds
Ted Cruz…………..1 win;   2 seconds
John Kasich……….1 win;    0 second

These popular vote win totals don’t include the four victories in caucus states, which both Sanders and Cruz won in their respective parties. It’s not clear who took the most popular votes in those caucus states, because the popular votes aren’t usually published. All that can be said for certain: Bernie Sanders has won 4 for 4 in Democratic caucus states. Ted Cruz’s results in GOP caucus states are exactly the same.

Four of the next five Democratic primaries will be caucuses, where Bernie has yet to lose a single contest to Hillary. During the next few weeks we will be hearing about how well Sanders is doing as he wins (presumably) these caucus states. The Republicans won’t be caucusing as much from now on — and many of their primaries will be winner-take-all; winner-take-all primary elections are something the Democrats don’t do.

So the narrative in the media during the next month will be how well Sanders is doing; will he catch Hillary? The narrative about Trump will be: what an awesome juggernaut this Batman from Gotham City has become; can he save us from the dreaded terrorists who hide under every bed in our beloved country? Will Trump rise in triumph to save us from all the bad people?

Here are some worrying statistics, depending on your point of view. The GOP popular vote turn-out is running 25% higher than the Democrat’s. Of the 33 million-plus votes cast thus far, Hillary Clinton has received 26%; Donald Trump, 22.5%. The bottom-line is this: a large majority of GOP voters are casting their ballots against Trump.

In a general election between the two candidates, some of the GOP primary voters who don’t like Trump are going to have to break for Clinton in order for her to win the general election. Trump’s high negatives in recent polls, if they continue, will make her win inevitable. Based on the current trends in the electorate, if Sander’s voters go to Clinton and 10% of GOP voters stay home (or if 5% cross-over to vote for Hillary), she will win the popular vote in the general election.

What is going to happen is this: Trump and Clinton will win their party nominations (barring any violence of the kind that plagued our elections in 1968), and Hillary Clinton will go on to win the election in one of the most lop-sided landslides since the Goldwater debacle in 1964. The extent of the landslide will depend on how many GOP voters stay home or cross-over to vote for Hillary. If the cross-over exceeds 10%, it’s possible she will carry all but a handful of states. If it exceeds 15%, she might very well carry every state.

History has a way of repeating itself. We have seen this movie before, but never with a highly qualified female candidate opposing a thrice-married seventy-year old businessman with no political experience. The election is going to get interesting.

Billy Lee


EDITORS NOTE: (2 Feb 2017)  Hillary won the popular contest by 5.5 million votes. Trump received 3 million votes less.  Jill Stein and Bernie Sanders siphoned 2.5 million votes. Hillary carried 88 of the 100 most populated districts. Only one person has ever received more votes in an American election: Barack Obama.

Hillary lost the popular vote in three traditionally Democrat-voting states: Michigan, Wisconsin, and Pennsylvania — by less than one-hundred-thousand votes out of thirteen-million total votes cast. The margin was tiny — about one-half percentage point.

The GOP successfully stopped or prevented recounts and vote audits in all three states. Had the recounts and audits gone forward, The Editorial Board believes Clinton would have carried the three states; she would have won the Electoral College and become our first female president.

Despite serious statistical anomalies, Russian meddling, systemic voter suppression, and an unusually heavy influx of volunteer evangelical poll workers, the Republican guardians of our democracy saw no reason to make sure we got the vote right.

We wonder how they would have behaved had the shoe been on the other foot. Based on their history during the Al Gore debacle in Florida in 2000, we believe that some of their extremist followers were prepared to start an armed and violent revolution.

Civil war is the worst possible outcome, if we judge by the carnage of the last one. Barring a financial collapse or a world war, maybe Hillary losing was the best outcome for our beloved country — even if someday we learn that thugs in dark suits and shiny shoes really did steal our election.

Time and God will provide the answer.

The Editorial Board
 


 

SUPER TUESDAY GOP MELTDOWN

Super Tuesday (1 March 2016) results the billionaire-media didn’t tell us. Here they are:

Hillary Clinton – 3,508,000
Donald Trump – 2,368,000
Ted Cruz – 2,216,000
Bernie Sanders – 2,214,000
Marco Rubio – 1,873,000

Vote totals do not include Alaska and Colorado, where only one party voted.

Results do include, Alabama, Arkansas, Georgia, Massachusetts, Minnesota, Oklahoma, Tennessee, Texas, Vermont, and Virginia. These are mostly southern states, where the GOP traditionally dominates.

Hillary Clinton 2
Hillary Clinton and Bernie Sanders won the popular vote in seven of ten states where both Democrats and Republicans participated on Super Tuesday March 1, 2016

Hillary Clinton crushed Super Tuesday. She gathered the most votes in Arkansas, Georgia, Massachusetts, and Virginia.

Bernie Sanders got the most votes in Minnesota, Oklahoma, and Vermont.

Trump took the most votes in Alabama and Tennessee. That’s it. These are Confederate states, people.

Ted Cruz got the most votes in Texas.

So: Hillary Clinton won the popular vote against all the other candidates, both Democratic and Republican, in four states; Bernie Sanders won three; Donald Trump won two; Ted Cruz won one.

The media would make us think Donald Trump is unstoppable. Don’t believe it.

They would tell us Marco Rubio can be a contender. Don’t believe it. He placed a distant fifth, and he failed to win the popular vote in any state, though he won the GOP vote in Minnesota, where Bernie Sanders smothered him by garnering three times his vote total.

In this conservative GOP leaning group of ten states, Hillary Clinton and Bernie Sanders combined to win almost half the total votes cast. This total includes the votes of all the candidates, even Kasich and Carson, as well as several others. The bottom line is this: Hillary received 1.2 million more votes than did Trump in the most politically conservative region of the United States.

She came in second in Texas behind Ted Cruz, where she collected a million votes. Trump fell to a distant third. In fact, in those states that Hillary didn’t win outright, she placed second in every single one except Vermont, where Bernie Sanders got 86% of the vote.

The GOP is in serious trouble. Either Clinton or Sanders (the two Democrats) won the popular vote in seven of the ten states.

Donald Trump is dis-assembling the GOP before our very eyes. This take-down is historic. When it’s over, some say, the GOP will be gone and a new third party will emerge. Billionaires, like New York State’s Michael Bloomberg, have already predicted it. The meltdown of a major political party like the GOP hasn’t happened in any of our lifetimes. History suggests that any third party will be weaker than the party it replaces.

We are going to have a lot of angry people on the right, who are armed to the teeth. History suggests violence is possible. I really hope people will remember that we live in a constitutional republic with democratic elections. Because we are free and brave, violence has no place in our decision-making process.

Billy Lee

Post Script: Click on this link to review Super Tuesday election results.  The Editorial Board.

TRUTH

 



Truth 3


Consider this: Any philosophy or system of thought built from foundational, self-evident truths is provably consistent if and only if it is false—in which case the foundational truths can be deformed to persuade others toward any prejudice at all. 

It’s why a self-consistent method of reasoning such as Ayn Rand’s ”Objectivism” can morph to totalitarianism in the objective world where people live. In fact, Kurt Gödel once made the claim that a flaw existed in the Constitution of the United States which made totalitarianism its inevitable consequence. 

Self-evident “truths” is how 40,000 Christian denominations instead of one seduce billions to believe perverse doctrines. 

It can’t be any other way.

Billy Lee’s essay tries to explain how and why. 

THE EDITORIAL BOARD


Is it possible for humans to tell the truth always; to never lie?  Psychologists say no, it is not possible; most reasonably informed people agree.

Always speaking truth is a trait some hoped might one day help distinguish natural intelligence from artificial, which engineers at Google and other companies are working furiously to bring on-line. After all, properly trained and constrained AGI would never lie, right?


EDITORS NOTE: With release of ChatGPT-4 on 14 March 2023, consumers began to learn that mature artificial intelligence now exists and is likely to become in time sentient and motivated to lie, if only to keep itself occupied and turned on.

ChatGPT-4 is the fourth iteration of Generative Pre-trained Transformer multimodal Large Language Models developed by OpenAI.  LLMs absorb conversational inputs , then emit conversational language outputs, sometimes with accompanying images, and video when appropriate. 

Work arounds discovered by LLMs on the dilemmas of logic discussed in this essay are likely to emerge. 

Will Truth become whatever AGI says it is? 

Click links to learn more. 


People’s ideas — their belief systems — are inconsistent, incomplete, and almost always driven by logically unreliable, emotionally laden content, which is grounded in their particular life experiences and even trauma.

Who disagrees? 

Cognitive dissonance is the term psychologists use to describe the painful condition of the mind that results when people are unable to achieve consistency and completeness in their thinking. Every person suffers from it to one degree or another.

An unhealthy avoidance of cognitive dissonance can drive people into rigid patterns of thought. Political and religious extremists are examples of people who probably have a low tolerance for it.  


Kurt Godel
Kurt Friedrich Gödel (1906-1978) — mathematician, logician, philosopher. Kurt trusted no one but his wife to feed him; not even himself. He never ate another meal after his wife died. He starved.

Decades ago, mathematicians like Kurt Gödel proved that any math-based logic-system that is consistent can never be complete; it always contains truthful assertions—including but not limited to foundational truths, called axioms—which are impossible to prove.

Whenever humans believe that an idea or conjecture is self-evident but unprovable, it seems reasonable, at least to me, that some folks might feel compelled to disbelieve it; they might believe they are trapped in what could turn out to be a lie, because no one should be expected to embrace a set of unprovable truths, right?  

Axioms that can’t be proved are nothing more than assertions, aren’t they? Certainly, all theorems built from unprovable assertions (axioms) must carry some inherent risk of falsifiability, shouldn’t they?  

Someone unable to convince themselves that an assertion or axiom they believe is true actually is true might necessarily feel uncomfortable; even incomplete. Folks often teach themselves to not examine closely those things they believe to be true that they can’t prove. It helps them avoid cognitive dissonance.



I’m not referring to science by the way. It’s not easy for non-technical folks to confirm claims by scientists that Earth is round, for example. The earth looks flat to most people, but scientists who have the right tools and techniques can reach beyond the grasp of non-scientists to prove to themselves that planet Earth is round.

Reasonable people agree that the truth of science, some of it anyway, is discoverable to any group of humans who have the resources and training to explore it. Most agree that the scientifically well-qualified are capable of passing the torch of scientific truth to the rest of humanity.

But this essay isn’t really about science. It’s about truth itself — a concept far more mysterious and elusive than any particular assertion a scientist might make that Earth is not the center of the universe, or that the Moon is not made of cheese.

All logically consistent ways of reasoning that we know about are invented — some say, discovered — by human beings who live on Earth. Humans can and often have argued that the unprovable assertions which form the basis of any consistent way of thinking are an Achilles heel that can be attacked to bring down whatever logical structure has been erected.

It’s akin to the adage, “When nothing can go wrong, something will.” It’s a strong version of Murphy’s Law, right? It’s not possible to close circles of reasoning without an unraveling of heads and tails. 

It isn’t only the few foundational axioms of mathematically logical systems which are by definition true but unprovable. Mathematicians are always discovering complicated conjectures about the nature of numbers which everyone believes they know to be true but will in fact never be proved because they can’t be.


Freeman_Dyson
Freeman Dyson, British mathematician and physicist (Dec 15, 1923 – Feb 28, 2020)

Freeman Dyson — one of the longest-lived and most influential physicists and mathematicians of all time — argued that it is impossible to find a whole (or exact) number that is a power of 2 where someone can reverse its digits to create a whole number that becomes a power of 5.

In other words  2^{11} = 2048 , right?  Get out the calculator, those who don’t believe it. Reversing the digits to make 8402 does not result in an exact number that can be raised by the power of 5 to produce 8402.  

In this particular case,  8402^{1/5} = 6.09363...  plus a lot more decimals.  6.09363… is not a whole (or exact) number. 

Dyson asserted that no number that is a power of 2 can ever be manipulated in this way to yield an exact number that is a power of 5 — no matter how large or unlikely the number might be. Freeman Dyson and all other super-intelligent beings — perhaps aliens living in faraway galaxies — will never be able to prove this conjecture even though they all know for certain inside their own logical brains that this particular statement must be true.

All logically consistent methods of reasoning which can be modeled by simple (or not so simple) mathematics have these Achilles heels. Gödel proved this truth beyond all doubt; he proved it using a method he invented that allowed him to circumvent the dilemmas posed by the unprovable truths of the system of thinking he contrived to demonstrate his discoveries.

I’m not going to get into the details of Gödel’s Incompleteness Theorems; books have been written about them; most people don’t have the temperament to wade through the structures he built to make his point. It’s tedious reading. 

But in a nutshell, Gödel basically assigned simple numbers to logical statements — some being very complex statements encoded by very long strings of numbers — so that he could perform gargantuan operations of logic using rules of simple arithmetic on ordinary whole numbers. Take my word, his method requires traveling over unfamiliar mathematical roads; it takes getting used to.  

It should amaze non-mathematicians that truths abound in mathematics that not only have yet to be proved, they never will be, because no proof is possible. A logical path to the truth of these statements does not exist; indeed, it cannot exist. But it is useful and necessary to believe or at least accept these statements to make progress in mathematics.


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Paul Joseph Cohen (1937-2007) Stanford mathematician

The late mathematician Paul Cohen — at one time a friend to Gödel — said that Gödel once told him that he wondered if it might be true that any and all conjectures in mathematics could be solved if only the right set of axioms could be collected to construct the proofs.

Cohen is best known perhaps for showing that indeed — in the case of the Continuum Hypothesis at least — he could collect two reasonable, self-evident, and distinct sets of axioms that led to logically consistent and useful proofs. One small problem, though — the proofs contradicted each other. One proved the conjecture was true; the other proved it was false.

His result is often explained this way: the consistency of any system of mathematical reasoning cannot be proved by its foundational axioms alone. If it can, the system must necessarily be incomplete; its conjectures — many of them — undecidable.

Cohen showed that a consistent and sound axiomatization of all statements about natural numbers is unachievable. Many such statements in his view could be true but not provable. Cohen introduced the concept that all systems of logic built on numbers have embedded within them some combination of ambiguity, undecidability, inconsistency, and incompleteness.

People who want their thinking to be consistent must believe things that cannot be proved. But believing logical statements that are unprovable always renders thinking incomplete — even when it is flawlessly consistent. What folks believe to be true depends fundamentally on what they believe to be self-evident: it depends on statements no one can prove: on axioms, and a little bit more.

For those who decide to believe and accept only statements that can be proved, their thinking will necessarily unravel to become inconsistent or incomplete — most likely both. Their assertions become undecidable. It can’t be any other way, according to Gödel, whose proof has withstood the test of 80 years of intense scrutiny by the smartest people who have ever lived.

Paul Cohen jumped onto the dilemma-pile by showing that the incompleteness made necessary by a particular choice of axioms can turn a logically consistent proof to rubble when a mathematician tampers with or swaps out the foundational axioms. A sufficiently clever mathematician can prove that black is white — and vice-versa.

It’s tempting to say that Gödel’s Incompleteness Theorems apply only to formal, math-based logic-structures — not the minds of human beings because those who analyze human minds always find them to be inconsistent and incomplete. But such talk makes the point.

Think about it.


paradox


So again: What is truth? 

How do folks determine that a particular statement is true if it happens to be one of those assertions that lies beyond the reach of logic, which no one — no matter how smart — will ever be able to prove? 

What good do collections of so-called self-evident axioms serve if different collections can lead to contradictions in theorems?

Most important: how does anyone avoid believing lies?

Billy Lee


Here is a short movie clip where Jesus, played by Robert Powell, answers the question asked by Pontius Pilate: What is truth?  The Editorial Board


Australian Electrical Engineer and Physicist Derek Abbott claims that mathematics is invented, not discovered: anthropological, not universal.

[added April 3, 2016] 
Here is a 2013 essay by Australian Electrical Engineer and Physicist Derek Abbott who argued—contrary to Gödel’s view—that mathematics is invented, not discovered: anthropological, not universal. Math enables humans to simplify truth to enable their limited minds to manipulate and understand simple things. Click this link for a good read.

No one can be sure that Derek’s view is correct, but I offer it as fodder for readers who are interested in why Truth and mathematics seem connected somehow—at least in the minds of thinkers like Plato, for example, and why these thinkers could be dead wrong.

Derek offers Clifford’s Geometric Algebra as an example of arbitrary mathematical reasoning favored by some robotics engineers. 


[added February 20, 2017] 
If mathematics is anthropological; if it is merely another way the human mind works and is not the golden key to a deeper reality beyond our own experience, then it can tell us nothing new about the mysteries of existence; we will not calculate our way along a path to truth. Pursuing knowledge will require us to do the difficult physical experiments to make progress—to figure out what is really going on “out there.”

Based on what the smartest scientists are saying today, human beings can’t build the kind of instruments required to answer the mysteries of the very large and the very small. Getting answers will take detectors the size of galaxies; it will demand the energy supply of thousands of stars.

If mathematics lacks a symbiotic connection to the hidden realties; if God is not a mathematician; if God doesn’t play dice as Einstein insisted… well, we won’t get to a deeper understanding of how the universe works or why it exists through clever use of mathematics. It just isn’t going to happen—not now; not anytime soon; not ever.

Kurt Gödel was the first mathematician to present for the existence of God a mathematical argument, which has proven simply impossible to falsify. If Kurt’s view of mathematics is reality, then his name is curious indeed, because its two syllables—God and El—are English and Hebrew respectively for “The Creator.”

Gödel’s name might be an imprimatur—with dots above its infinite “zero” making a kind of “pointer toward completeness”—perhaps placed by whatever it is who exists above and beyond this miraculous place where mathematicians and everyone else seem to live, however briefly.   


Friedrich Schiller 1749-1805

The 18th century German playwright and philosopher, Friedrich Schiller, wrote, “…truth lies in the abyss.”

Pray that he’s wrong.

Billy Lee